Pearson Thomas S. The Origins of Alexander Ill's Land Captains: A Reinterpretation // Slavic Review 40 (1981).
Pintner Walter M. Civil Officialdom and the Nobility in the 1850s // Walter M. Pintner and Don K. Rowney (eds.). Russian Officialdom. Chapel Hill, 1980.
Pintner Walter M. The Evolution of Civil Officialdom, 1755–1855 // Walter M. Pintner and Don K. Rowney (eds.). Russian Officialdom. Chapel Hill, 1980.
Pintner Walter M. Russian Economic Policy under Nicholas I. Ithaca, 1967.
Pintner Walter M. The Social Characteristics of the Early Nineteenth-Century Russian Bureaucracy // Slavic Review 29 (1970).
Pipes Richard. Russia under the Old Regime. London, 1974.
Pipes Richard. Russian Conservatism in the Second Half of the Nineteenth Century // Slavic Review 30 (1971).
Raeff Marc. Origins of the Russian Intelligentsia: The Eighteenth-Century Nobility. New York, 1966.
Rieber Alfred J. Merchants and Entrepreneurs in Imperial Russia. Chapel Hill, 1982.
Robinson Geroid T. Rural Russia under the Old Regime. New York, 1932.
Rowney Don K. Organizational Change and Social Adaptation: The Prerevolutionary Ministry of Internal Affairs // Walter M. Pintner and Don K. Rowney (eds.). Russian Officialdom. Chapel Hill, 1980.
Ruffmann Karl-Heinz. Russischer Adel als Sondertypus der europaischen Adelswelt // Jahrbucher fur Geschichte Osteuropas, n.s., 9 (1961).
Schapiro Leonard. Rationalism and Nationalism in Russian Nineteenth-Century Political Thought. New Haven, 1967.
Simmonds George W. The Congress of Representatives of the Nobles Associations, 1906–1916: A Case Study of Russian Conservatism. Ph.D. diss., Columbia University, 1964.
Sinel Allen. The Classroom and the Chancellery: State Educational Reform in Russia under Count Dmitry Tolstoi. Cambridge, MA, 1973.
Spring David. The English Landed Estate in the Nineteenth Century: Its Administration. Baltimore, 1963.
Stokl Gunther. Gab es im Moskauer Staat 'Stande'? // Jahrbucher fur Geschichte Osteuropas, n.s., 11 (1963).
Strelsky Nikander. Saltykov and the Russian Squire. New York, 1940.
Thaden Edward С Conservative Nationalism in Nineteenth-Century Russia. Seattle, 1964.
Thompson F. M. L. English Landed Society in the Nineteenth Century. London, 1963
Toennies Ferdinand. Estates and Classes // Reinhard Bendix and Seymour M. Lipset (eds.). Class, Status, and Power. New York, 1966, 2nded.
Torke Hans J. Continuity and Change in the Relations between Bureaucracy and Society in Russia, 1613–1861 // Canadian Slavic Studies 5 (1971).
Torke Hans J. Die Staatsbedingte Gesellschaft im Moskauer Reich; Zar und Zemlja in der Altrussischen Herrschaftsverfassung 1613–1689. Leiden, 1974.
Wagner William G. Legislative Reform of Inheritance in Russia, 1861–1914//William E. Butler (ed.). Russian Law: Historical and Political Perspectives. Leiden, 1977.
Weber Max. The Development of Caste // Reinhard Bendix and Seymour M. Lipset (eds.). Class, Status, and Power. New York, 1966, 2nd ed.
Weissman Neil B. Reform in Tsarist Russia: The State Bureaucracy and Local Government, 1900–1914. New Brunswick, 1981.
Weissman Neil B. State, Estate, and Society in Tsarist Russia: The Question of Local Government, 1900–1908. Ph.D. diss., Princeton University, 1976.
Whelan Heide W. Alexander III and the State Council: Bureaucracy and Counter-Reform in Late Imperial Russia. New Brunswick, 1982.
Yaney George L. The Systematization of Russian Government: Social Evolution in the Domestic Administration of Imperial Russia, 1711–1905. Urbana, 1973.
Yaney George L. The Urge to Mobilize: Agrarian Reform in Russia, 1861–1930. Urbana, 1982.
Ссылки
1
Blum Jerome. The End of the Old Order in Rural Europe (Princeton, 1978). P. 3.
2
Ibid. P. 440. См. также: Marshall Т. Н. Class, Citizenship, and Social Development (Garden City, N.Y., 1964). P. 193; и Mousnier Roland. Les hierarchies sociales de 1450 a nos jours (Paris, 1969). P. 19–20.
3
Blum. End of the Old Order. P. 440–445.
4
Blum. End of the Old Order. P. 419.
5
Ibid. P. 420.
6
Ibid. P. 420–421, 424.
7
Mayer Arno J. The Persistence of the Old Regime: Europe to the Great War (New York, 1981). P. 5–6, 12–13.
8
Ibid. P. 127, 133, 135, 186–187.
9
Ibid. P. 277–278, 282, 301.
10
Mayer. P. 301–302.
11
Ibid. P. 304.
12
Emmons Terence. The Formation of Political Parties and the First National Elections in Russia (Cambridge, MA, 1983). P. 2.
13
Rieber Alfred J. Merchants and Entrepreneurs in Imperial Russia (Chapel Hill, 1982). P. XXV.
14
Ibid. P. 416.
15
Ibid. P. XXV, 416.
16
Терпигорев С. Н. Оскудение (М., 1958), 1:22–24, 37–41, 68, 99-149.
17
Анфимов A. M., Макаров И. Ф. Новые данные о землевладении Европейской России И История СССР. 1974. № 1. С. 87–88.
18
Manning Roberta T. The Crisis of the Old Order in Russia (Princeton, 1982). P. 3, 25.
19
Manning. Crisis. P. 11, 43. В кн.: Brower Daniel R. Training the Nihilists (Ithaca, 1975) точно так же говорится о «финансовом кризисе помещиков, которые нашли прибежище и новое поле деятельности в городах» (р. 51).
20
Manning. Crisis. P. 8.
21
Ibid. P. 4, 8.
22
Manning. Crisis. P. 8.
23
Ibid. P. 8, 10.
24
Ibid. P. 9.
25
Ibid.
26
Ibid. См. также: Hamburg Gary M. Politics of the Russian Nobility: 1881–1905 (New Brunswick, 1984).
27
Manning. Crisis. P. 10–11.
28
Ibid. P. 20 и везде.
29
Haimson Leopold H. Conclusion: Observations on the Politics of the Russian Countryside (1905–1914) // Haimson Leopold H., ed. The Politics of Rural Russia 1905–1914 (Bloomington, 1979). P. 262–263; Edelman Robert. Gentry Politics on the Eve of the Russian Revolution (New Brunswick, 1980). P. 16–17.
30
Manning. Crisis. P. 36–38.
31
Ibid. P. 11.
32
Ibid. P. 30–32, 36–38, 40, 43, 48.
33
Ibid. P. 41–42.
