473
Curtin, The Atlantic Slave Trade. P. 268. Более свежие и, на верное, более точные оценки трансатлантических перевозок рабов см. Eltis. «The Volume and Structure of the Transatlantic Slave Trade: A Reassessment». P. 17-46.
474
Davis. Inhuman Bondage. P. 80.
475
Ibid. P. 11-12,40-41.
476
Michael Tadman. «The Demodraphic Cost of Sugar: Debates on Slave Societies and Natural Increase in the Americas», American Historical Review, 105, no. 5 (December 2000). P. 1556.
477
Ibid. P. 1554-1555, 1561.
478
Ibid. P. 1536.
479
Цит. по: Greenberg. P. 45.
480
Ibid. P. 78-79.
481
Jehangir R. P. Mody. Jamsetjee Jeejeebhoy (Bombay: R.M.D.C. Press. 1959). P. 2-Й, 21-28.
482
Hsin-pao Chan. Comissioner Lin and the Opium War (New York, Norton, 1964). P. 121-122.
483
Цитируется по J. R.Ward. «The Industrial Revolution and British Imperialism, 1750-1850», Economic History Review 47, no 1 (Febru ary 1994). P. 47.
484
Смит А. Исследование о природе и причинах богатства народов. — М.: Эксмо, 2007. Гл. VIII.
485
Там же, гл. IX.
486
Anthony Webster. «The Political Economy of Trade Liberalization: The East India Company Charter Act of 1813», The Economic History Review 43, no. 3 (August 1990). P. 404-419.
487
Jack Beeching. The Chinese Opium Wars (New York: Harcourt Brace Jovanovich, 1975). P. 51.
488
W. Travis Hanes III. The Opium Wars (Naperville IL: Source books, 2002). P. 13-19.
489
Hsin-pao. P. 9-10.
490
Greenberg. P.86.
491
Ibid. P. 5.
492
Hsin-pao. P. 4.
493
Greenberg. P. 6, 8.
494
Carl Trocki. Opium, Empire and the Global Political Economy (London: Routledge, 1999). P. 6, 14-21.
495
Hsin-pao. P. 16-17.
496
Trocki. P. 34.
497
Paul Johnson. The Birth of the Modern (New York: Harper Collins, 1991). P. 761-774; Hsin-pao, 95-96.
498
Greenberg. P. 110.
499
Robert Blake. Sardine Matheson (London: Wieldfield & Nicholson, 1999). P. 44-45.
500
Сомерсет Моэм. «На китайской ширме». М., 2002.
501
R.K. Newman. «Opium Smoking in Late Imperial China: A Recon sideration», Modern Asian Studies 24, no. 4 (October 1995); 784.
502
Hsin-pao. P. 85-91.
503
Greenberg. P. 22-28.
504
Ibid. P. 96-97.
505
Greenberg. P. 36-41, 136-139.
506
Blake. P. 46.
507
Trocki. Р. 103.
508
Basil Lubbock. The Opium Clippers (Glasgow: Brown, Son, and Ferguson, 1933). P. 72-77.
509
Trocki. P. 106.
510
Неизвестный корреспондент XIX века, цит. «Behind the Mask», Economist, March 18, 2004.
511
Greenberg. P. 13.
512
Ibid. P. 112-113, 142.
513
Hsin-pao. P. 51-61.
514
Ibid. P. 62.
515
Ibid. P. 189-203. См. также Hanes. P. 66-83.
516
Edward Le Fevour. Western Enterprise in Late Ching China (Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1968). P. 13.
517
Trocki. P. 110-115.
518
Джавахарлал Неру. Открытие Индии. М., 1955 г.
519
Colin Simmons. «De-industrialization, Industrialization, and the Indian Economy, c. 185-1947», Modern Asia Studies 19, no. 3 (April 1985). P. 600.
520
B. R. Tomlinson. «The Economy of Modern India», The New Cambridge History of India, vol. 3, 3. (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1993). P. 102.
521
Morris D. Morris. «Towards a Reinterpretation of Nineteenth Century Indian Economic History», Journal of Economic History 23, no. 4 (December 1963). P. 613.
522
См., напр., Morris; Tomlinson; and Tirthankar Roy. «Economic History and Modern India: Redefinding the Link», Journal of Economic Perspectives 16, no. 3 (Summer 2002). P. 19-130.
523
Paul Bairoch. «European Trade Policy, 1815-1914», in Peter Mathias and Sidney Pollard, eds. The Cambridge Economic History of Europe (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1989). P. VIII: 109.
524
Jeffrey Williamson. «De-Industrialization and Underdevelopment: A Comparative Assessment around Periphery 1750-1939» (December 2004). P. 15.
525
Расчеты из: Donald Grove Barnes. A History of the English Corn Laws (New York: Augustus M. Kelley, 1961). P. 295-296.
526
Интерполировано из: Maddison. The World Economy, 95.
527
Ibid. P. 299-300; and S. Fairlie. «The Corn Laws Reconsidered», Economic History Review 18, no. 3 (1965). P. 563.
528
Barnes. P. 72-73.
529
Ibid. P. 5-89.
530
David Weatherall. David Ricardo, A Biography (The Hague: Martinus Nijhoff, 1976). P. 1-3.
531
Ibid. P. 38-39; P. 69-71.
532
David Ricardo. Principles of Political Economy and Taxation (London: Dutton, 1911). P. 77-93, цит. 77.
533
Barnes. Р. 133-135, 177-179.
