nationality, Japanese, explanation, celebration, invitation, assimilation,
conversation, congratulation, palatalization.
III.
a) The material below is to be prepared for reading. Mark the stresses and tunes.
Concentrate your attention on sounds, b) Let your fellow-student read the exercise aloud
for you to detect his possible errors in sounds. Tell him what must be done to eliminate
them:
[э:] 1. George was born in August.
2. I saw more than forty horses.
3. Her naughty daughter Maud is at fault.
2. Of all the saws I ever saw, I never saw a saw as that saw saws.
[c&] 1. Julius was jealous.
2. Jane, Jim and George Jones.
3. John, put the orange juice into the frige.
4. A journalist made a journey over Japan.
IV. Before you start working at the text practise the sounds in the following words
and word combinations:
1. [e] —November, eleventh, seventh, celebrate, gets,
guests, red, let, French, pen-friends, fellow, members;
[a:] — part, march, dark, park, France, party, mark;
[J] — revolution, demonstration, illuminations, English, Spanish;
[o:] — Warsaw, small, North.
2. a) Alveolars replaced by dentals: i^Jhe eleventh, on^the
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seventh, iswthe greatest, injthe parks, and^the guests, onJ;his day, inj;he
history, i^Jthe birthday.
b) Loss of plosion: tak^part, whatj:ountry, goodjtime.
c) No voicing before voiced consonants: thi^jiay, get^jlark, muchjsetter.
d) No glottal stop: thewanniversary, thewillumination, from^all, let
me^introduce you, better than^English, butwIwunderstand, nearlyweverything,
Lucy^andwI, common.
V. a) Listen to the dialogue. Mark the stresses and tunes, b) Practise the dialogue for
test reading. Listen to it very carefully until you can say it in exactly the same way, c)
Memorize and dramatize it.
V. Give the degrees of comparison of the following adverbs and transcribe them:
slowly, fast, hard, badly, much, well, early, far, near, often, late, quietly, easily,
little, warmly, seriously, comfortably, quickly. ,
VII.
a) Put the adverbs in brackets in the correct place:
1. (never) Alex is late for his classes. 2. (usually) He has dinner at two o'clock.
3. (seldom) I go to bed before twelve o'clock. 4. (often) I speak Spanish with my
mother, 5. (always) He works in the lab after his lessons. 6. (still) Do you think
that she is ill? 7. (already) I think she is at home. 8. (sometimes) I see him in the
library.
b) Form sentences of your own using the same adverbs.
VIII. Answer the following questions:
1. What traditional holidays in our country do you know? 2. How do you
usually see in the New Year? 3. Is there a New-Year tree at your place at that
time? 4. Where can you see the biggest and the most beautiful New-Year tree in
Moscow? 5. When do we celebrate Mother's Day? 6. How do you mark this day
in your family? 7. Is Victory Day a traditional holiday only in our country or is it
an international holiday? 8. How do we celebrate Victory Day in our country? 9.
How do people in other countries mark it? 10. Which is the traditional holiday of
teachers in our country? 11. When is your birthday? 12. Do you always invite
guests to your birthday party? 13. There is a tradition in some countries to put
candles on the birthday cake so that people can see how old you are. How do you
like this tradition? 14. Do you put candles on your birthday cake? Why? *
IX.
Put the adjectives in brackets in the required degree of comparb
son:
i
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1. Asia is (large) than Australia. 2. The Volga is (short) than the Mississippi. 3.
Mary is a (good) student than Lucy. 4. There are (few) mistakes in my dictation
than in yours. 5. This garden is the (beautiful) in our town. 6. The Arctic Ocean is
(cold) than the Indian Ocean. 7. Chines^ is (difficult) than English. 8. Spanish is
(easy) than German. 9. Let's go to the (far) corner of the park. That is the (quiet)
place here.
X. Some adverbs have the same form as their corresponding adjectives. Make up
sentences of your own using the words below (first as adjectives, then as adverbs).
M o d e l : It's a bad mistake. She feels bad today, fast, early, late, hard, long,
far, low, well, quick.
XI. The following pairs of adverbs are different iu meaning. Make Up sentences of
your own to show the difference:
hard — hardly, near — nearly, close — closely.
XII.
Speak on your favourite holidays.
XIII.
Fill in prepositions if necessary:
1. When we go ... foreign countries we see and learn a lot ... things. 2. She says
she likes to go ... the Caucasus ... winter. 3. Japan is a country ... the western
part ... the Pacific Ocean. It consists ... many islands, large and small. Some ...
them are only a few miles long. 4. The Crimea is ... the South ... our country. 5.
My sister lives ... the Far East. 6. The Baltic Sea is ... the West. 7. Show us the
longest river ... Russia ... the map. 8. Slovakia is ... the centre ... Europe. 9. St.
Petersburg is ... the north-west ... Moscow. 10. Thousands ... students ... all
nationalities study ... the institutes ... our country. 11. One ... the students ... our
group is ... Rumania. 12. What's the capital ... Rumania? 13. What language do
they speak ... Bulgaria.
XIV.
Fill in the definite or indefinite article if necessary:
1. ... Russia occupies ... eastern half of ... Europe and ... northern third ... of
Asia. 2. ... climate of ... northern part of ... Russia is severe. 3. In ... European part
of ... Russia ... summer is warm and sunny. 4. This winter is ... true Russian winter
with hard frosts. 5. It is warm all ... year round in ... Crimea and ... Caucasus. 6. ...
Commonwealth of Independent States is one of ... biggest countries of ... whole
world. 7. Tbilisi is ... capital of ... Georgia. 8. I want to go to ... Alma-Ata some
day. 9. ... best vway to know and understand ... people of other countries is to meet
them in their own homes. 10. Is Australia ... island or ... continent? 11. ... Black
Sea is in ... South. 12. There are six continents in ... world, aren't there? 13. France
is to ... northwest of Italy.
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XV.
Let the members of the class ask and answer questions as in
the models. Give a short answer and add a sentence of your own using
adverbs in the comparative and the superlative degree.
M o d e l 1 : Does she speak Spanish more fluently than her friend? Oh yes,
she does. Of all the students in our group she speaks most fluently.
. M o d e l 2 : He doesn't go to bed later than you, does he? No, he doesn't. He
goes to bed earliest of all, (or. But he does. He goes to bed latest of all.)
XVI.
Form questions to the following statements:
1. Russia is a very large country. 2. There are more than 100 nationalities in
the CIS. 3. In the North of our country winter is very cold. 4. There are a lot of
rivers and lakes in the North of Russia.
XVII. Answer the following questions:
1. How many oceans can you see on the map? What are they? 2. Is the Pacific
the largest ocean in the world ? 3. Which is the largest ocean in the world? 4. Does
the Pacific Ocean wash Western Europe? 5. Which ocean washes Western Europe?
6. Which ocean washes the northern part of Europe? 7. Which ocean washes
