The book focuses on two concurrent experimental therapies in cancer treatment known as boron neutron capture therapy (BNCT) and gadolinium neutron capture therapy (GdNCT) using a variety of boron- and gadolinium-based compounds. Some of the gadolinium compounds serve the dual purpose as being MRI contrast agents and GdNCT agents. The book describes why BNCT & GdNCT were not at the forefront of the clinical trials during the past seven to eight decades since the discovery of neutrons by John Chadwick in 1932 and how the latest development in the synthesis of target boron- and gadolinium-based drugs has turned the area into the hottest one worthy of further investigation with the new clinical trials in the USA and elsewhere.Contents:IntroductionWhat Is Cancer?Principles of Neutron Capture TherapyMajor Neutron Capture Therapy (NCT) Drug PrototypesNeutron Sources for NCTNCT Dosimetry and Treatment PlanningSelected in vitro and in vivo StudiesClinical TrialsFuture Perspectives for Boron and Gadolinium Neutron Capture Therapies in Cancer TreatmentAppendix: The Clinical State of BNCT by US Department of Energy (DOE) as at 1997Readership: Chemistry/biochemistry/medicinal chemistry students; students learning biology, physics, pharmacy, nursing and medicine; those interested in new cancer treatment therapies.