962

Schoultz, Beneath the United States, 243.

963

Wilson to Mary Ellen Hulbert, February 2, 1914, Wilson Papers 29:211.

964

Там же, 245.

965

Link, Progressive Era, 122–23.

966

Clements, Wilson Presidency, 99.

967

Robert E. Quirk, An Affair of Honor: Woodrow Wilson and the Occupation of Vera Cruz (New York, 1962), 77.

968

Там же, 107.

969

Там же, 171; Jodi Pettazonni, «The Occupation of Veracruz, Mexico» (M.A. thesis, University of Kentucky, 2000), 57–79.

970

Wilson to Lindley M. Garrison, August 8, 1914, Wilson Papers 30:362.

971

Memorandum by Thomas Beaumont Hohler, October 21, 1915, ibid. 35:98.

972

Friedrich Katz, The Secret War in Mexico (Chicago, 1981), 145.

973

Friedrich Katz, «Pancho Villa and the Attack on Columbus, New Mexico», American Historical Review 83 (February 1978), 112–17.

974

Katz, Secret War, 307.

975

Там же.

976

Katz, «Attack on Columbus», 101.

977

Schoultz, Beneath the United States, 249; Linda Hall and Don Coerver, «Woodrow Wilson, Public Opinion, and the Punitive Expedition: A Re-assessment», New Mexico Historical Review 72 (April 1997), 171–94.

978

Calhoun, Power and Principle, 57.

979

Wilson conversation with Newton Baker, May 12, 1916, Wilson Papers 37:36.

980

Knock, End All Wars, 82–83.

981

Hall and Coerver, «Punitive Expedition», 192–94.

982

Katz, «Attack on Columbus», 130.

983

Interview, April 27, 1914, Wilson Papers 29:516.

984

Clements, Wilson Presidency, 103.

985

John Keegan, The First World War (New York, 2000), 48–74; Michael Howard, The First World War (London, 2003), 18–31.

986

Keegan, First World War, 133.

987

Link, Progressive Era, 145; Ross Gregory, The Origins of American Intervention in the First World War (New York, 1971), 3.

988

Melvin Small, Democracy and Diplomacy: The Impact of Domestic Politics on U.S. Foreign Policy, 1789–1994 (Baltimore, Md., 1996), 43.

989

Wilson to House, August 13, 1914, Wilson Papers 30:336.

990

Merle Curti, American Philanthropy Abroad (New Brunswick, N.J., 1963), 230–31.

991

George H. Nash, «An American Epic: Herbert Hoover and Belgian Relief in World War I», Prologue (Spring 1989), 57–86.

992

Robert Lansing memorandum, October 23, 1914, Wilson Papers 31:219.

993

House to Wilson, May 25, 1915, ibid. 33:254.

994

Clements, Wilson Presidency, 120–21.

995

House Diary, September 30, 1914, Wilson Papers 31:109.

996

Wilson to Bryan, March 25, 1915, ibid. 32:432–33.

997

Wilson to Bryan, April 3, 1915, ibid. 32:469.

998

John Milton Cooper Jr., «The Shock of Recognition: The Impact of World War I on America», Virginia Quarterly Review 76 (Autumn 2000), 557.

999

Gregory, Origins of Intervention, 63–64.

1000

Там же, 60–63. «Двойное желание» отмечено в John A. Thompson, Woodrow Wilson (London, 2002), 112.

1001

Ernest R. May, The World War and American Isolation, 1914–1917 (Chicago, 1959), 225–27; Thompson, Wilson, 114–17.

1002

Gregory, Origins of Intervention, 94–96; Thompson, Wilson, 121–22.

1003

Wilson to House, May 16, 1916, Wilson Papers 37:57–58; July 24, 1916, ibid., 467.

1004

Knock, End All Wars, 58.

1005

Jane Addams et al to Wilson, October 29, 1915, Wilson Papers 35:134.

1006

Knock, End All Wars, 90; George C. Herring Jr., «James Hay and the Preparedness Controversy», Journal of Southern History 30 (November 1964), 383–404.

1007

Knock, End All Wars, 50–58.

1008

Cooper, «Shock of Recognition», 579–81.

1009

Knock, End All Wars, 77.

1010

Wilson speeches, October 5, 1916, Wilson Papers 38:337–38, 347.

1011

«Peace Without Victory» speech, January 22, 1917, ibid. 40:533–39.

1012

Robert H. Zieger, America’s Great War: World War I and the American Experience (Lanham, Md., 2000), 48.

1013

Knock, End All Wars, 107.

1014

Я благодарю Томаса Нока за то, что он поделился со мной этой информацией.

1015

May, World War, 404–15.

1016

Franklin Lane to W. Lane, February 5, 1917, Wilson Papers 41:282.

1017

Katz, Secret War, 350–78.

1018

Knock, End All Wars, 120.

1019

«Wilson War Message», April 2, 1917, Wilson Papers41:519–27.

1020

Keegan, World War I, 373.

1021

Там же, 410–11.

1022

«Peace Without Victory» speech, January 27, 1917, Wilson Papers40:539.

1023

N. Gordon Levin Jr., Woodrow Wilson and World Politics: America’s Response to War and Revolution (New York, 1968), 61–64.

1024