354
Эрнест Р. Мэй выдвигает этот аргумент в работе The Making of the Monroe Doctrine (Cambridge, Mass., 1976). Убедительное опровержение см. Harry Ammon, «Monroe Doctrine: Domestic Politics or National Decision», Diplomatic History 5 (Winter 1981), 53–70.
355
Цитируется по Bemis, Adams, 385.
356
Seventh Annual Message, December 2, 1823, in James D. Richardson, ed., A Compilation of the Messages and Papers of the Presidents of the United States (20 vols., Washington, 1897–1916), 2:776–789.
357
Gale W. McGee, «The Monroe Doctrine — A Stopgap Measure», Mississippi Valley Historical Review 38 (September 1951), 233–50.
358
Perkins, Monroe Doctrine, 73–75. Metternich is quoted on pp. 55–57.
359
Saul, Distant Friends, 101–3.
360
James E. Lewis Jr., John Quincy Adams: Policymaker for the Union (Wilmington, Del., 2001), 103.
361
Hargreaves, Adams, 116–17; Karl M. Schmitt, Mexico and the United States, 1821–1973: Conflict and Coexistence (New York, 1974), 35–41.
362
Hargreaves, Adams, 114–15.
363
Цитируется по Field, Mediterranean World, 92.
364
Цитируется по Hargreaves, Adams, 114.
365
Field, Mediterranean World, 68–101; Ussama Makdisi, «Reclaiming the Land of the Bible: Missionaries, Secularism, and Evangelical Modernity», American Historical Review 102 (June 1997), 680–90.
366
Adams’s July 4, 1821, speech to the House of Representatives may be conveniently found at www.millercenter.virginia.edu/academic/americanpresidents/jqadams.
367
Hargreaves, Adams, 119–21.
368
Там же, 127; Lewis, Adams, 87–88.
369
Hargreaves, Adams, 128.
370
Там же, 127; David Bushnell, «Simon Bolivar and the United States: A Study in Ambivalence», Air University Review 37 (July-August 1986), 106–12.
371
Hargreaves, Adams, 129–31.
372
Sellers, Market Revolution, 273; Remini, Clay, 299; Lars Schoultz, Beneath the United States: A History of U.S. Policy Toward Latin America (Cambridge, Mass., 1998), 80–81.
373
Hargreaves, Adams, 140–46; Remini, Clay, 301–3.
374
Цитируется по Hargreaves, Adams, 157.
375
Там же, 147–148; Remini, Clay, 292–95.
376
Remini, Clay, 300–301.
377
Lewis, Adams, 99.
378
Там же, 95; Weeks, Continental Empire, 58–59.
379
Donald B. Cole, The Presidency of Andrew Jackson (Lawrence, Kans., 1993), 41–42, 93, 241–42; John M. Belohlavek, «Let the Eagle Soar!» The Foreign Policy of Andrew Jackson (Lincoln, Neb., 1985), 34–36.
380
Davis, «Diplomatic Plumage», 171–72.
381
Belohlavek, Eagle, 92–106.
382
Walter Russell Mead, Special Providence: American Foreign Policy and How It Changed the World (New York, 2001) использует Джексона, чтобы представить воинственную тенденцию во внешней политике США. Артур Шлезингер-младший изображает более мягкого и дипломатичного Джексона в New York Review of Books (May 15, 2003), 19.
383
Cole, Jackson, 121–23.
384
Belohlavek, Eagle, 92–106.
385
Цитируется по Marvin R. Zahniser, Uncertain Friendship: American-French Relations Through the Cold War (New York, 1975), 102.
386
Cole, Jackson, 126–27.
387
Там же, 124–25.
388
Цитируется по Charles R. Ritcheson, «Van Buren’s Mission to London, 1831–1832», International History Review 8 (May 1986), 198–211.
389
Belohlavek, Eagle, 84–88; Saul, Distant Friends, 121–22.
390
Field, Mediterranean World, 141–53; Belohlavek, Eagle, 128–38.
391
Robert Hopkins Miller, The United States and Vietnam, 1787–1941 (Washington, 1990), 32–40. Also Ronald Spector, «The American Image of Southeast Asia, 1790–1865: A Preliminary Assessment», Journal of Southeast Asian Studies 111 (September 1972), 299–305, and Belohlavek, Eagle, 162–77.
392
Schroeder, Maritime Empire, 34.
393
Christian J. Maisch, «Falkland/Malvinas Islands Clash of 1831–1832», Diplomatic History 24 (Spring 2000), 185–210. Jackson’s gunboat diplomacy is vigorously defended in Craig Evan Klafter, «United States Involvement in the Falklands Islands Crisis of 1831–1833», Journal of the Early Republic 4 (Winter 1984), 395–420.
394
Belohlavek, Eagle, 152–62.
395
Schroeder, Maritime Empire, 28; Belohlavek, Eagle, 162.
396
Robert L. Meriwether et al., The Papers of John C. Calhoun (28 vols., Columbia, S.C., 1959–2oo3), 3:350.
397
Reginald Horsman, Race and Manifest Destiny (Cambridge, Mass., 1981), 198.
398
Cole, Jackson, 67–74.
399
Robert V. Remini, Andrew Jackson and the Course of American Freedom, 1822–1832 (New York, 1981), 270, 272.
400
Horsman, Race, 202.
401
Remini, Jackson, 202, 218.
402
Belohlavek, Eagle, 225.
403
Quinton C. Lamar, «A Diplomatic Disaster: The Mexican Mission of Anthony Butler, 1829–1834», Americas 45 (July 1988), 1–18; Joe Gibson, «‘A. Butler: What a Scamp!’» Journal of the West 2 (1972), 235–47.
404
William H. Gilman et al., Journals of Ralph Waldo Emerson (14 vols., Cambridge, Mass., 1960–78), 9:430–31.
405
