Having investigated the strivings coming from consciousness and having become convinced of their full contradiction with the abilities of the body, the Vedas came to the conclusion that consciousness (life) was not the integral part of the body (the dead matter). The Vedas put forward the idea of the soul, namely of an element which differentiates an alive body from a dead one and which is the carrier of consciousness. At a time when soul leaves body, the latter becomes the harmonic part of the nature (a corpse) with no any contradiction of it. A dead body like matter in general is absolutely indifferent to whatever is done to it. It has no more strivings for happiness, existence or knowledge. Consequently, it is vitally important to study the nature and the psychology of soul as only knowledge of its nature and understanding of its needs can resolve all differences in what is called “life”. In return, when the idea of soul is accepted, it means to answer such questions as:
1) What are the nature and characteristics of soul?
2) How did soul appear in the material world?
3) Where is its true home?
4) How can one return there?
To be fair, it should be noted that no other religious or philosophical concept in the world than the Aryans’ has got a more complete system of answers on the given questions. It is likely the reason why it has got a close attention of great minds of all times ever.
Now, according to the Aryan concept, if a living being is a spiritual parcel which is striving within us to eternity (as it is eternal), happiness (as it is blissed) and knowledge (as the knowledge is its integral part), consequently there should be the world where it possessed all these. Otherwise, where do all its strivings come from? And why did the nature endowed us with qualities which are absolutely unused in this world? A living being cannot strive for anything which is not known by it. Everything we are striving for is the proof that we are aware of it.
On the other hand, if a living being is of spiritual nature, why did it happen to be here? The answer on this question is in those intentions which a living being is trying to realize here. As have been already said, by its characteristics a spiritual parcel is eternal, blissful and full of knowledge. At first sight, this statement sounds contradictory. If soul is eternal, why did it come to this temporary world where it has to obey the inviolable law of birth and death? Here one is suggested to carefully examine what soul strives to realize in the material world. This striving explains the reason of our appearance in this world which has become for us more important than eternity.
If we are attentive, we can notice that in the material world all living beings have the thirst for domination and enjoyment. To enjoy means for us to use all encountered objects (both animate and inanimate) for our pleasure. In fact, there is no one single moment when we stop striving for enjoyment. The term “dominate” means that we are able to obligate everybody (both animate and inanimate) to fulfill our will. In this situation, our attitude is rather interesting. Each of us thinks that his/her mentality is so perfect that by obeying it everyone can be happy (Freud called it “the sense of worth”).
If we are attentive, we can notice that if we do not make any efforts (based on upbringing and rules of conduct), we spontaneously “radiate” these very two moods. If we try to realize here our desire to bend other living beings to our will and use them for our pleasure, it means that we did not have such an opportunity in the spiritual world. At first glance, this statement sounds contradictory. This brings up the question, if we did not have any opportunity either to enjoy or dominate, then where does our striving come from? As a living being can strive only to the things which were seen or known.
At the beginning we have told that consciousness of living beings expresses the constant desire to be happy; then we noted that in the material world we try to realize this desire by means of power and pleasure. This fact points out that we did not have such an opportunity in the spiritual world. This, in turn, means that the bliss of living beings in the spiritual world did not depend on both abilities to dominate and enjoy. But then where do we take this striving for power and pleasure?
We were to know the One Who was able to enjoy and dominate in order to start striving for these by ourselves. Hence, we can make a conclusion, that in the spiritual world there is some living being who dominates and enjoys the possibility to associate with all other living beings who do not dominate but serve Him and feel the bliss from it. This personality is usually called the Supreme Personality of Godhead or God. According to the Aryan philosophy all living beings are inherent parcels of this Supreme Personality. They have the same qualitative nature as He does, but differ from Him quantitatively. This quantitative difference does not allow living beings to take upon controlling functions without creating disharmony. But the qualitative unity maintains this tendency in all living beings to take controlling functions. When this demand from living beings arises, God, so to say, has got two choices:
1) suppress this desire and bring into line with His will (violence).
2) give the opportunity to realize this desire (generosity based on the absence of envy).
One of the qualities of the Supreme Personality of Godhead is the complete freedom from envy. By virtue of this pure and sublime nature, the Supreme Personality of Godhead gives all living beings free choice. Those living beings who misuse this freedom and prefer the material existence come to this world. The point is that the Aryans consider the material world as the place where living beings realize their desire to live without God. Where does this desire appear from?
According to the Vedic scriptures, the Lord in the spiritual world is surrounded by numerous devotees who have special feelings for Him. Many of them are called personal associates. They have got particular close relationships with the Lord. This intimacy depends on the extent of love they have developed for the Lord. The Lord treats all living beings equally and fairly. This means that He always exactly sees the “amount” of living being’s love for Him and always fairly responds everybody according to this criteria. It would not be possible that a novice devotee should receive the special attitude of the Lord and an elevated devotee – the neutral one. This is the true criteria of justice.
Living beings are very small and the Supreme Lord is infinitely great. Therefore, a tiny spiritual parcel is not always able to understand or correctly assess the Lord’s behavior and the motives of His deeds. This limited perception becomes the reason why some spiritual parcels fall into a state of disagreement with the Lord, “rebel’ and feel hostility toward Him. Thinking that the Lord is unjust, these jivas (living beings, spiritual parcels) feel the need to appear in such a place where He is not there and try to confirm their own ideas of justice. Such justice as a rule consists of the fact that a personality desires to see him/herself in the center of all events (the feeling of own sense of worth). This way, some part of eternal inhabitants of the spiritual world shifts their God-centered consciousness to self-centered. As said, the Supreme Personality of Godhead’s nature is completely free from envy. This means that when someone does not want to associate with Him or connect his/her happiness to Him, it does not make Him angry. He does not punish such personalities or taking advantage of His power force them to conform to His absolute power, but He gives them an opportunity to make their own society and realize their ideas of justice. For the Supreme Personality of Godhead it is not worthy to have a humble behavior and a psychologically browbeaten condition at the point of the sword of His power. He values only and only free ostents of love.
