Литмир - Электронная Библиотека

About Yu. F. Lisyanskiy we can meet such an opinion: "Some kind of spiritual goodness was seen in him. "Maybe he is too passionate about theology. Therefore sailors are better than others listen to him,' - thought involuntarily Grevens. He does not miss a single service, on the shelf he has a number of works by Lomonosov, Kheraskov and the Bible, which, except that the hieromonk has. In the cabin in the corner there is the icon of St. Nicholas the Wonderworker, and before her the light is lit day and night ... " [2]. We will note that Yu. Lisyansky was one of the sons of the archpriest of the Church of St. John the Theologian in the city of Nezhyn.

All informational sources emphasize the intellectuality of Yu. F. Lisyansky and I. F. Kruzenshtern.

'"I confirm, this experienced captain," - replied Mordvinov, - "For many years he sailed in the English fleet to the East and West Indies, visited Africa and America. In addition, thoughtful and inquisitive. Now, according to the highest assent, his translation is printed - of the English scientific work on the Navy questions'. 'There is', - added Mordvinov, - 'also Captain Kruzenshtern, his co-seafarer. Today he presented an interesting project about the benefits of floating in the Great Ocean"' [2].

In 1803 in Russia the book by John Clerk "Experience of sea tactics" translated by Yu.F. Lisyansky has been published (in Russian translation the book has received the name "The movement of the fleet, in 2 x parts. The composition of John Klerk. The translation from the English the Captain-Lieutenant Yu. Lisyansky") [2].

Whether there are bases for a conclusion about I.F. Kruzenshtern's and Yu.F. Lisyansky's "complementarity"? It is difficult to give definite answer to such question. But such question, and such term - "complementarity" - can arise at reflections about cooperation between I.F. Kruzenshtern and Yu.F. Lisyansky.

Troyecentry of power and energy of competitive spirit

How were allocated formal and real functions (roles) between I. F. Kruzenshtern and Yu. F. Lisyansky (as expedition leader and subordinate, respectively)?

Probably, for a correct answer to this question, we can distinguish two relatively independent expeditionary periods:

(1) the period of expedition preparation

and

(2) the period of sea floatings.

At both stages, the formal head was I.F. Kruzenshtern, and Yu. F. Lisyansky was in his subordination.

There was a general opinion that the basis for the appointment of I.F. Kruzenshtern as the head of the expedition was the preparation by him of the draft of the first round-the-world voyage. According to the formal rules, that were in force at the moment of assignment, Yu. F. Lisyansky had the advantage to be appointed the head of the expedition.

"The choice of the Chief of other ship has been provided to my will. I have chosen the Captain-Lieutenant Lisyansky, the excellent naval officer who was serving with me together during the last war in the British fleet, and the former in America and in East India; why I also had a possibility to learn. Our travel had to be long, and successful completion thereof the general diligence needed, unanimity, honest and impartial acts. Opposite to this could subject us to unpleasant, and maybe to disastrous adventures, especially as all our Expedition though consisted of people of military, however it was not absolutely military, but a partly and commercial. Those reasons have imposed on me the duty to elect to a position of the Head of another ship the man impartial, obedient, diligent to the General benefit. I identified as such a person the Captain-Lieutenant Lisyansky, who had sufficient knowledge as about the seas on which we were had to float, and about marine Astronomy in the current improved state of it" [13].

"The administration over this expedition and over the first of the mentioned ships was entrusted the Captain-Lieutenant Kruzenshtern, and command of the second was provided to me. My long-term acquaintance to this person of excellent talents, our former travel to America and East India, and most of all desire to be useful to the Fatherland in so important case, were the cause that I, despite of seniority of my the service, with great hunting have agreed to make so remote trip under his administration, with that, however, that it was allowed to me to choose for the ship entrusted to my management, officers and team at my own discretion" [8].

Different periods of great project have different "weights".

To illustrate this statement I will bring a line from the book by G.F. Baydukov "Chkalov":

"... I many times get sorted through hundreds of well-known and little-known pilots. But more and more often I focused attention on Chkalov.

- But why I? I am the typical pilot-fighter ... - Valery hasn't resist.

- My dear friend! As an uninvited guest I visit you because we need the most skillful, bravest and most authoritative pilot in the country.

- Ah, Yagor! You like to tease companions. Well you me, "penalized person", do by god? I don't know either blind flights, or astro and radio navigation, or radiotelegraphy ...

- You will achieve permission to flight, you will lift superoverloaded "ANT-25" from a concrete strip - and, consider, you have executed fifty percent of an important, public project ... And about flights in overcast: is my business, we with Sasha will provide all the rest, don't worry ...

- Well, if that's the case, I don't refuse to enter the company" [14].

During preparation of an expedition Yu.F. Lisyansky acted as the expert, the financier, the shipbuilder, the supplier, the specialist in personnel questions.

First, he had to choose for purchase the ships with so qualities of seaworthiness, that they to be suitable for a global cruise.

Secondly, he had to make decisions on financial questions: a ratio of the price and quality to coordinate financial terms of transaction.

In the third, he controlled of repair of the ships before a long expedition.

In the fourth, he had to buy all necessary accessories, devices.

"After long search at last have found suitable vessels: "Leander " in 450 tons displacement, with 16 cannons, and "Thames" in 370 tons displacement, with 14 cannons. According to documents the ships have been constructed three years ago, but demanded repair. While vessels were repairing under Razumovsky's supervision, Lisyansky selected and bought chronometers, sextants, barometers and other tools" [2].

In the fifth, he was engaged in the selection of officers and sailors (mainly for the manning of the crew of the ship "Neva." Staff for "Hope" was selected by I.F. Kruzenshtern).

As far as we can understand, Ivan Kruzenshtern married shortly before the expedition's beginning. He was expecting the family's addition. And he was mainly engaged in family affairs during the preparation of the expedition.

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