(16) David Kahn, 'Big Ear or Big Brother?', New York Times Magazine, 16 May 1976.

(17) Duncan Campbell, 'The Spies Who Spend What They Like', New Statesman, 16 May 1980.

(18) Estimates of the cost of GCHQ range from & 80 million a year (The Times, 10 April 1984) to & 200 million (New Statesman. 2 February 1979), to & 300 million (The Times, 20 March 1986). & 300 million is probably conservative.

(19) See David Leigh, 'US Agency «Bugged» Labour MPs', Guardian, 7 February 1981; John Peacock, 'Spy Centre on the Moors', Daily Mirror. 17 July 1980; Will Bennett, 'US Taking Control of British Spy Base, Daily Mail, 27 January 1985.

(20) John Connell, 'Cap the Knife Faces the Flak', Sunday Times. 10 February 1985.

(21) See David Martin, 'Unveiling the Secret NSA', Newsweek, 6 September 1982; and Kahn, cit. at n. 19, p. 64.

(22) Kahn, cit. at n. 19, p. 67; and Kahn in 'The Profession of Intelligence', part 4, BBC Radio 4, 3 February 1982.

(23) 'The Profession of Intelligence', part 4.

(24) Kirkpatrick in interview with Leitch, 1979.

(25) Edward J. Epstein, 'Disinformation. Why the CIA Cannot Verify an Arms Control Agreement'. Commentary, July 1982.

(26) Cockburn, cit. at n. 17, p. 65.

(27) ibid., p. 67.

(28) The British diplomat. See Chapter 13, [48.

(29) H. Rositzke, 'America's Secret Operations: a Perspective', Foreign Affairs, vol. 53 (January 1975), p. 338.

(30) Richard Hall, The Secret State: Australia's Spy Industry (Melbourne: Cassell Australia, 1978), p. 241.

(31) Respectively: Robert Harris, 'The Falklands Inquest', Listener, 24 June 1982; and Jeremy Campbell, 'Spy Plane Denied', Standard, 7 April 1982.

(32) Edward J. Epstein in interview with author, London, 29 June 1984.

(33) R. J. Jeffreys-Jones, 'The Historiography of the CIA', Historical Journal, vol. 23, no. 2 (1980), p. 495.

(34) Kirkpatrick in interview with Leitch, 1979.

(35) Kevin Cahill, 'Sh… the Following May Be a US Secret', The Times, 17 April 1984.

(36) Hillsman, 'On Intelligence'.

(37) Rositzke, ' America 's Secret Operations', p. 340.

(38) Richard Helms, 'The Secrets of Russian Espionage', Observer. 16 December 1979 .

(39) Respectively: 'Heart of the Matter', cit. at n. 5; and 'Can You Bore a Hole in the T-72?', Sunday Observer ( Bombay ), 4 March 1984 .

(40) Shyam Bhatia, 'Revealed-How the CIA Kept Watch on the Russians', Observer, 14 July 1985 .

(41) Herbert Scoville, 'Is Espionage Necessary?', p. 494.

(42) Stockwell in Hird interviews, and in 'Heart of the Matter', cit at n. 2 and 5.

(43) Stockwell in Hird interviews.

(44) Martin Page in interviews with author, 1967 and 1986.

(45) Hilary Bonner, 'The Spy Who Stayed Out in the Cold', Mail on Sunday, 30 December 1984 .

(46) David Jones, 'The Price of Freedom', Sunday Times Magazine, 1 December 1974 .

(47) Stockwell in 'Heart of the Matter', and in Hird interviews cit. at n. 5 and 2.

(48) Barrett, 'Honorable Espionage', p. 13.

(49) Hillsman, 'On Intelligence'.

(50) Young in 'Heart of the Matter', cit. at n. 5.

(51) Betts, 'Analysis, War and Decision', p. 79.

(52) Richard Hall, National Security and the Agent of Influence Myth (Sydney: Corradini Press, 1983), p. 19.

(53) Information provided by NEXIS, a news retrieval service from Mead Data Central.

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