This book covers various aspects of modern microscopy, with emphasis on multidimensional (three-dimensional and higher) and multimodality microscopy. The topics discussed include multiphoton fluorescent microscopy, confocal microscopy, x-ray microscopy and microtomography, electron microscopy, probe microscopy and multidimensional image processing for microscopy. In addition, there are chapters demonstrating typical microscopical applications, both biological and material.Contents: Multiple Oblique Illumination Method of High Definition Stereo Microscopy (G L Greenberg & A Boyde)Two-Color Confocal Fluorescence Microscopy with Improved Channel Separation: Applications in Chemical Neuroanatomy (K Carlsson & B Ulfhake)Morphological Parameters, Medial Lines and Skeletons Computed in the 3D Voronoi Diagram with Applications to 3D CLSM Images (R Eils et al.)Confocal Imaging Through Weakly and Highly Scattering Media with Ultrashort Pulsed Laser Beams (M Gu et al.)Realisation of Depletion by Stimulated Emission in Fluorescence Microscopy (S W Hell et al.)Cytoskeletal and Nuclear Behavior During Female Gametophyte Development and Fertilization in Angiosperms (B-Q Huang et al.)3D X-Ray Microscopy: High-Resolution Stereo-Imaging with the Göttingen X-Ray Microscope at BESSY (J Lehr)Distribution of Taste Pores and Ultrastructural Organization of Gustatory Cells in Gerbil Vallate Taste Buds (K-S Lu et al.)Triple-Colour Confocal Microscopy: A Tool for the Analysis of Three-Dimensional Biological Structures (E M M Manders et al.)Contrast, Resolution, Bleaching and Statistics in Confocal Microscopy (J Pawley)Membrane Specialization in Skeletal Muscle Cells (H B Peng)The Optical Fractionator (S Antunes et al.)Optical Fibre Probe Microscopy (C J R Sheppard & H Fatemi)The Fractional Fourier and Special Affine Fourier Transformations (S Abe & J T Sheridan)Confocal Theta Fluorescence Microscopy: Practical Considerations (S Lindek & E H K Stelzer)Subcellular Localization and Gene Mapping of Human Nuclear Mitotic Apparatus Protein (NuMA) by Confocal Fluorescence Microscopy (C-J C Tang & T K Tang)Exact and Approximate Cone-Beam X-Ray Microtomography (G Wang et al.)Advantages and Application of Low Temperature Scanning Electron Microscopy (W P Wergin et al.)Sensitivity of Optical Near-Field to a Two-Dimensional Rectangular Structure (S Wang)