This fully updated fourth edition of the highly successful guide, Teaching Thinking, explores how to use discussion in the classroom to develop children's thinking, learning and literacy skills. This new edition includes material on the latest trends in teaching thinking, including philosophy for children, dialogic teaching and education for citizenship. The book will help readers from different cultural traditions to critically engage with teaching thinking in schools and other educational contexts. Teaching Thinking is essential reading for anyone seeking to develop children's thinking, build their self-esteem and improve the quality of teaching and learning.