many friends – много друзей
a few friends – несколько друзей
few friends – мало друзей
Местоимения much и (a) little употребляются с существительными вещественными и отвлеченными:
much snow – много снега
a little snow – немного снега
little snow – мало снега
Местоимения many и much обычно употребляются в вопросительных и отрицательных предложениях, в утвердительных предложениях в значении много обычно употребляются следующие выражения (в порядке возрастания официальности):
Для исчисляемых существительных:
lots (of), a lot of, plenty of, a large number of, good number of, great number of
Для неисчисляемых существительных:
lots (of), a lot of, plenty of, a good deal of, great deal of, a great quantity, a great amount of, large quantity, large amount of
How much money have you got? – Сколько у тебя денег?
I’ve got plenty. – Много.
Celia talks lot. – Силия много разговаривает.
He's got plenty of men friends, but he doesn’t know many girls. – У него множество друзей – мужчин, но он знаком не со многими девушками.
Mr. Lucas has spent a great deal of time on the Far East. – Мистер Люкас провел много времени на Дальнем Востоке.
Местоимения many и much вполне употребляются в повествовательных предложениях либо в официальном стиле, либо после наречий so – так, very – очень, too – слишком, as – столько.
Much research has been carried out in order to establish the causes of cancer. – Былa проделана большая исследовательская работа с целью установления причин рака.
In the opinion of many scientists … – По мнению многих ученых …
You’ve bought too many tomatoes. – Ты купил слишком много помидоров.
There’s so much violence these days. – В последнее время так много насилия.
Try to get as many opinions as you can. – Постарайся получить как можно больше разных точек зрения.
I enjoyed the concert very much. – Мне очень понравился концерт.
Местоимения a few, a little – несколько, немного обозначают наличие небольшого, но достаточного количества, т.е. имеют положительное значение, в то время как местоимения few, little – мало подчеркивают недостаточность количества, т.е. имеют отрицательное значение.
He’s got a few friends. – У него есть несколько друзей.
He’s got few friends. – У него мало друзей.
Hurry up! We’ve got little time. – Поторопись! У нас осталось мало времени.
Don’t hurry. We’ve got a little time before the train comes in. – Не спеши. У нас еще есть немного времени до прихода поезда.
Упражнение 28
Вставьте some, any или оставьте пропуски незаполненными, смотря по смыслу.
1. There are … pictures in the book. 2. I didn’t buy … bananas yesterday. 3. We haven’t got … milk. We can’t make an omelette. 4. Give me … tea, please, I am thirsty. 5. My brother doesn’t like … onions. 6. Was there … water in the glass or … milk? 7. Are there … mistakes in my dictation? – Yes, there are … . 8. Are there … new students in your group? 9. Did you buy … oranges? Did you buy … orange juice? 10. Bob always likes … sugar in his coffee. 11. Dinner was not ready yet, so she gave the children … bread and butter because they were hungry. 12. There is … caviar in the can. I love it. Would you like …? 13. There was … soap in the soap dish; he used it to wash his hands.
Упражнение 29
Вставьте some, any или оставьте пропуски незаполненными, смотря по смыслу.
1. Are there … English textbooks on the desks? – Yes, there are … . 2. Is there … tea left? – No, there isn’t …. I’ll make … coffee if you don’t mind. The apple pie is wonderful. Would you like …? – Oh, yes, please. Can I have … milk in my coffee, please? 3. Poor Oliver was hungry. He wanted … bread. 4. Do you want … milk in your coffee? 5. Please don’t offer her … chips. She doesn’t want … . 6. There was … soap in the box: it smells of … soap. 7. Are there … maps on the walls? – No, there aren’t … . 8. There is … butter in the fridge, but there isn’t … milk. 9. They haven’t got … stamps. I can’t post my letter. 10. Have you got … time to spare? I’d like to ask you … questions. 11. Can I have … milk in my tea? I don’t like it black. 12. There is … tea for you on the table. 13. Are there … pens on the desk? – Yes, there are … .
Упражнение 30
Вставьте some, any или оставьте пропуски незаполненными, смотря по смыслу.
1. Are there … eggs? – There aren’t … eggs left. 2. There are … schools in this street. 3. Is there … cheese on the plate? 4. There is … ink in my pen. 5. Do you like … apples? 6. Are there … sweets in your bag? – Yes, there are … . 7. We haven’t got … flour. 8. Are there … pictures in your book? 9. There is … ham on the plate. 10. Is there … snow in the street this morning? 11. Were there … of our boys at the stadium? 12. Have you got … English books at home? – Yes, I have … . 13. To make cabbage soup I need … cabbage, … onions, … carrots, … beet-roots, … dill and … parsley, … potatoes, … good oil and … salt.
Упражнение 31
Вставьте some, any или оставьте пропуски незаполненными, смотря по смыслу.
1. I can see … children in the yard. They are playing. 2. My mother likes … music. 3. There were … students of our group at the Opera House yesterday. 4. There are … beautiful pictures in the magazine. Look at them. 5. Are there … new buildings in your street? 6. Are there … chess players here? 7. Will there be … concerts at the club next month? 8. Is there … paper on your table? 9. I saw … boys in the garden, but Mike was not among them. 10. There are … diagrams in the new book. 11. There were … yellow and green pencils on the table. 12. I haven’t got … exercise books. Give me …, please. 13. They borrowed … good books from the library. 14. Are there … newspapers on the table? 15. People need … oxygen for breathing.
Упражнение 32
Вставьте somebody/someone или anybody/anyone.
1. Her patient has a bad memory. She can’t remember … . 2. She has to go to the supermarket. There isn’t … in the fridge. 3. I think there is … wrong with my watch. 4. The young man is very upset. There is … wrong with his car. 5. The student didn’t understand … . 6. She never says … nice about her neighbours. 7. Does he know … about computers? 8. Nobody told me … about his lung cancer. 9. He felt terrible. He couldn’t do … else. 10. Give me … to read, please. – With pleasure. 11. Is there … interesting in the theatre programme? 12. I don’t know … about your town. Tell me … about it. 13. Give me … to drink. 14. Please give me … warm: it is cold here. 15. I didn’t take any money with me, so I couldn’t buy … . 16. There is … white in the box. What is it? 17. Near the wood I saw … that looked like a tent. 18. Is there … that you want to tell me?
Упражнение 33
Вставьте somebody/someone или anybody/anyone.
