274 Robert Lerner, Althea K. Nagai, Stanley Rothman, Molding the Good Citizen: The Politics of High School History Texts (Westport: Praeger, 1995), p. 153, citing the study by Diana Ravitch and Chester E. Finn, What Do Our 17-Year-Olds Know? (New York: Harper and Row, 1987), p. 270-72; Stotsky, Losing our Language, p. 72-74,86-87,90, 294, n20.

275 Glazer, We Are All Multiculturalists Now, p. 83; Schlesinger, The Disuniting of America, p. 123; American Council of Turstees and Alumni, Inside Academe, 8 (Fall 2002), p. 1, 3, citing the council's report, Restoring America's

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Legacy: The Challenge of Historical Literacy in the 21st Century (2002).

276 Lerner, et al., Molding the Good Citizen, p. 153, citing U.S. News and World Report, 12 April 1993, p. 56; American Council of Trustees and Alumni, Newsletter, 18 December 2000, citing the council's report, Losing America's Memory: Historical Illiteracy in the 21st Century (2000).

277 U.S. Immigration and Naturalization Service, 2000 Statistical Yearbook of the Immigration and Naturalization Service (Unpublished, selections available online at http://www.ins.usdoj.gov/graphics/aboutins/statistics/ybpage.htm ).

278 Economist, 24 June 2000, p 63.

279 Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development, Trends in International Migration: Continuous Reporting System on Migration, (2000 ed. Paris, France: OECD, 2001).

280 World Population Prospects: The 2000 Revision-Highlights, Annex Tables (28 February 2001) (United Nations Population Division).

281 National Institute of Population and Social Security Research, Population Projections for Japan: 1996-2100 (1997).

282 Ole Waever et al., Identity, Migration and the New Security Agenda in Europe, (London: Pinter, 1993), p. 23.

283 Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development, Trends in International Migration, p. 304.

284 U.S. Immigration and Naturalization Service, 2000 Statistical Yearbook.

285 Milton M. Gordon, Assimilation in American Life (New York: Oxford University Press, 1964), p. 70-71.

286 Peter D. Salins, Assimilation, American Style (New York: Basic Books, 1997), p. 6, 48-49.

287 Gordon, Assimilation in American Life, p. 127, 244-45.

288 Will Herberg, Protestant Catholic Jew (Garden City: Doubleday, 1955), p. 33-34; George R. Stewart, American Ways of Life (New York: Doubleday, 1954), p. 23, cited in Gordon, Assimilation in American Life, p. 127—28.

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289 Thomas Jefferson, Notes on Virginia, (Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 1954), p. 84-85.

290 Michael Piore, Birds of Passage: Migrant Labor and Industrial Societies (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1979), p. 151.

291 Gordon, Assimilation in American Life, p. 190; Thomas Sowell, Migrations and Cultures: A World View, (New York: Basic Books, 1996), p. 48. For an excellent overview and analysis of the successful assimilation of pre-World War II immigrants and their descendants, see Richard Alba and Victor Nee, Remaking the American Mainstream: Assimilation and Contemporary Immigration (Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 2003), chap. 3.

292 Samuel P. Huntington, The Clash of Civilization and the Remaking of World Order (New York: Simon Schuster, 1996), p. 264.

293 American Muslim Council, Zogby poll, released 28 August 2000.

294 Kambiz Ghanea Bassiri, Competing Visions of Islam in the United States: A Study of Los Angeles (Westport, СТ: Greenwood Press, 1997), p. 43-49.

295 Corey Michael Spearman, "The Clash of Civilizations in Dearborn, Michigan" (Term paper, Kalamazoo College, Michigan, March 2000), p. 7, quoting Abu Mustafa Al-Bansilwani, "There Has to Be a Better Way—and There Is!", Ummah, I (no. 1, 1999), p. 1-2.

296 Daniel Patrick Moynihan, "The Sonnet About the Statue of Liberty", New York, 19 May 1986), p. 58.

297 Sowell, Migrations and Cultures, p. 39-40; John С Harles, Politics in the Lifeboat: Immigrants and the American Democratic Order (Boulder: Westview Press, 1993), p. 99.

298 Henri Weber, quoted in The Economist, 12 February 2000, p. 20.

299 Oscar Handlin, The Uprooted (Boston: Little, Brown, 2nd ed., 1973) p. 272; Arthur M. Schlesinger, Jr., The Disuniting of America: Reflections on a Multicultural Society (New York: Norton, rev. ed., 1998), p. 17; Harles, Politics in the Lifeboat, p. 4.

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300 Salins, Assimilation, American Style, p. 48-49; Josef Joffe, personal conversation.

301 Piore, Birds of Passage: p. 149 ff.

302 Roberto Suro, Strangers Among Us (New York: Knopf, 1998), p. 325.

303 Washington, Jefferson, Franklin quoted in Matthew Spalding, "From Pluribus to Unum", Policy Review, no. 67 (Winter 1994), p. 39-40.

304 Gordon, Assimilation in American Life, p. 132-33; Marcus Lee Hansen, The Immigrant in American History (Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1940), p. 132; Heinz Kloss, The American Bilingual Tradition (Rowley, MA: Newbury House, 1977), p. 128; Will Kymlicka, Multicultural Citizenship (Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1998), p. 28-29.

305 Samuel Lubell, The Future of American Politics (New York: Harper, 1951), p. 58ff.

306 New York Times, 9 December 1999, p. 1, 20; 5 March 2000, p. A1, A20; Washington Post, 18 September 1993, p. A1; New York City Department of City Planning, The Newest New Yorkers: 1995—1996: An Update of Immigration to NYC in the Mid '90s (8 November 1999).

307 James Dao, "Immigrant Diversity Slows Traditional Political Climb", New York Times, 28 December 1999, p. A1; John J. Miller, The Unmaking of Americans (New York: Free Press, 1998), p. 218-19; Edward P. Lazear, Culture Wars in America (Stanford: Hoover Institution, Essays in Public Policy, no. 71, 1996), p. 9, citing 1990 census data.

308 Nathan Glazer, "Immigration and the American Future", The Public Interest, 118 (Winter 1995), p. 51; "Issue Brief: Cycles of Nativism in U.S. History", Immigration Forum, 19

May 2000, p. 1.

309 Robert William Fogel, The Fourth Great Awakening and the Future of Egalitarianism (Chicago: University of Chicago Press 2000), p. 60; Barry Edmonston and Jeffrey P. Passel, "Ethnic Demography: U.S. Immigration and Ethnic Variations", in Edmonston and Passel, eds., Immigration and Ethnicity (Washington, D.C.: Urban Institute Press 1994), p. 8; Campbell J. Gibson and Emily Lennon, Historical Census Statistics on the Foreign Born Population of the United

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States, 1850-1990 (Washington: Census Bureau Population Division, Working Paper 29, February 1999).

310 Richard Alba and Victor Nee, "Rethinking Assimilation Theory for a New Era of Immigration", International Migration Review, 31 (Winter 1997), p. 842-43; Douglas Massey, "The New Immigration and Ethnicity in the United States", Population and Development Review, 21 (September, 1995), p. 645, quoted in Peggy Levitt, The Transnational Villagers (Berkeley: University of California Press, 2001), p. 18.

311 U.S. Immigration and Naturalization Service, 1999 Statistical Yearbook of the Immigration and Naturalization Service (Washington, D.C.: U.S. Government Printing Office, March 2002), p. 19; U.S. Census Bureau, Statistical Abstract of the United States: 2001, p. 45.

312 Stephen A. Camarota, Immigrants in the United States—2002: A Snapshot of America's Foreign-Born Population (Washington: Center for Immigration Studies, Backgrounder, November 2002), p. 1; Boston Globe, 10 March 2003, p. A3, citing William Frey's analysis of Census Bureau figures.