This is the proceedings of the International Symposium on Origin of Matter and Evolution of Galaxies which was held near Tokyo, Japan, in November 2003. The meeting brought together many scientists from vast fields — nuclear physics, particle physics, cosmic-ray physics, cosmology, astronomy, geophysics, and others — to promote discussion and collaboration.The proceedings have been selected for coverage in:• Index to Scientific & Technical Proceedings® (ISTP® / ISI Proceedings)• Index to Scientific & Technical Proceedings (ISTP ROM version / ISI Proceedings)• CC Proceedings — Engineering & Physical SciencesContents:Big Bang Cosmology and Primordial NucleosynthesisObservations: X-Rays, Cosmic Rays and Meteoritic AnomaliesWeak Interaction, Neutrinos, Dark MatterEvolution and Nucleosynthesis in Stars, and Cross Sections — Hydro Static BurningNuclear Data and Nuclear PhysicsNovae, Supernovae, and Explosive Nucleosynthesis, GRB Models and Nuclearphysics ParametersNuclear Equation of State and Neutron StarsStellar Abundance, Galactic Chemical Evolution and Nucleo-CosmochronologyReadership: Undergraduates, graduate students and researchers in nuclear physics, astrophysics, astronomy, cosmology, accelerator physics and experimental physics.