Ninety years after the Battle of the Somme was fought, visitors continue to flock in very large numbers to the massive Memorial to the Missing at Thiepval, site of a bitter three-month struggle during the summer of 1916. This book explains in detail how, from the autumn of 1914 onwards, the German defenders turned this key feature into a virtually impregnable position, from which they were able for weeks on end to repulse every attempt to capture it. Drawing on original maps, photographs and personal accounts of the German defenders, the reader is taken stage by stage through the battles for the German front line between Ovillers and Saint Pierre Divion, during the two years from September 1914 to September 1916. It explains why the British attacks of 1st July 1916 failed so catastrophically, and culminates with an account of its eventual loss at the end of September 1916.