A brain-computer interface (BCI), sometimes called a direct neural interface or a brain-machine interface (BMI), is a direct communication pathway between the brain and an external device. BCIs are often aimed at assisting, augmenting or repairing human cognitive or sensory-motor functions. Research on BCIs began in the 1970s at the University of California Los Angeles (UCLA) under a grant from the National Science Foundation, followed by a contract from DARPA. The papers published after this research also mark the first appearance of the expression brain-computer interface in scientific literature. The field of BCI research and development has since focused primarily on neuroprosthetics applications that aim at restoring damaged hearing, sight and movement. Thanks to the remarkable cortical plasticity of the brain, signals from implanted prostheses can, after adaptation, be handled by the brain like natural sensor or effector channels. Following years of animal experimentation, the first neuroprosthetic devices implanted in humans appeared in the mid-nineties. This book is your ultimate resource for Brain-Computer Interface. Here you will find the most up-to-date information, analysis, background and everything you need to know. In easy to read chapters, with extensive references and links to get you to know all there is to know about Brain-Computer Interface right away, covering: Brain-computer interface, Bereitschaftspotential, Brain implant, BrainGate, Neurotrophic electrode, Comparison of consumer brain-computer interfaces, Comparison of neurofeedback software, Cyberkinetics, Cyberware, Electrocorticography, Electroencephalography, Emotiv Systems, Force Trainer, Intracranial EEG, Mindball, Eduardo Reck Miranda, Neural Impulse Actuator, Neurochip, NeuroSky, Miguel Nicolelis, OpenVibe, Optogenetics, Thought recording and reproduction device, Transcranial alternating current stimulation, Neil Weste, Neuroprosthetics, Artificial pacemaker, Auditory brainstem implant, Biological pacemaker, Brain pacemaker, Giles Brindley, Jorge Cham, Chronic electrode implants, Cochlear implant, Deep brain stimulation, Diaphragmatic pacemaker, EABR, Exocortex, Functional electrical stimulation, Implantable cardioverter-defibrillator, Implantable Gastric Stimulation, Intracortical visual prosthesis, Prosthesis, Retinal implant, RNS System, Sacral anterior root stimulator, Sensory substitution, Thalamic stimulator, Vagus nerve stimulation, Visual prosthesis, Neural engineering, Cultured neuronal network, Neurally controlled animat, Neurotechnology Industry Organization, Spinal cord stimulator, WireheadThis book explains in-depth the real drivers and workings of Computer-Brain Interface. It reduces the risk of your technology, time and resources investment decisions by enabling you to compare your understanding of Computer-Brain Interface with the objectivity of experienced professionals.