Orchid Biotechnology II presents a series of recent works on both basic and applied researches in biotechnology progress for Phalaenopsis and Oncidium orchids. These include the development of flower, ovule, gynostemium and perianth, the discovery of new orchid-infecting viruses and virus movement, secondary metabolites, technology of DNA endoduplication and genetic transformation, growth regulation by micronutrition and orchid mycorrhiza, and plant growth substances for flowering.The diversity and specialization in orchid floral morphology have fascinated botanists and collectors for centuries. The orchid industry has been growing substantially in the past ten years worldwide. This book focuses on the recent advances in the research of orchid biotechnology from the past ten years in Taiwan. To advance the orchid industry, enhancement of basic research as well as advanced biotechnology will provide a good platform to improve flower quality and breeding of new varieties.Contents:Molecular Phylogeny and Biogeography of Phalaenopsis SpeciesEndopolyploidy in Phalaenopsis Orchids and Its Application in Polyploid BreedingGrowth Responses and Changes of Active Components as Influenced by Elevations and Orchid Mycorrhizae on Anoectochilus Formosanus HayataCompositional Variation in the Polysaccharides of the Pseudobulb of Oncidium Gower Ramsey During Different Stages of Inflorescence DevelopmentColoration and Color Patterning in Floral Tissues of Oncidium Gower RamseyQualitative and Quantitative Analysis of Pigments in Phalaenopsis SpeciesBiosynthetic Pathway of Pigments in Phalaenopsis SpeciesBiosynthetic Regulation of Floral Scent in PhalaenopsisWarm- and Cool-Night Temperature Alter Carbon Dioxide Fixation Pattern and Biochemical Metabolism in Phalaenopsis Aphroditeand other papersReadership: Graduate students and researchers in crop science, plant physiology, molecular biology, microbiology/virology, biochemistry, genetics/genomics, tissue engineering, biotechnology, botany/plant biology, natural product research.