The solution of the Dirac equation for an electron in a Coulomb field is systematically treated here by utilizing new insights provided by supersymmetry.It is shown that each of the concepts has its analogue in the non-relativistic case. Indeed, the non-relativistic case is developed first, in order to introduce the new concepts in a familiar context. The symmetry of the non-relativistic model is already present in the classical limit, so the classical Kepler problem is first discussed in order to bring out the role played by the Laplace vector, one of the central concepts of the whole book. Analysis of the concept of eccentricity of the orbits turns out to be essential to understanding the relation of the classical and quantum mechanical models.The opportunity is taken to relive the great moments of physics: From Kepler's discovery of the laws of motion of the planets, the development is traced through the Dirac equation up to modern advances, which bring the concepts of supersymmetry to bear on the derivation of the solutions.Contents: The Classical Kepler ProblemSymmetry of the Classical ProblemFrom Solar Systems to AtomsThe Bohr ModelInterpretation of the Quantum RulesSommerfeld's Model for Non-Relativistic ElectronsQuantum Mechanics of Hydrogenic AtomsThe Schrödinger Equation and the Confluent Hypergeometric FunctionsNon-Relativistic Hydrogenic Atoms with SpinElements of Supersymmetric Quantum MechanicsSommerfeld's Derivation of the Relativistic Energy Level FormulaThe Dirac EquationThe Primary Supersymmetry of the Dirac EquationExtending the Solution SpaceA Different Extension of the Solution SpaceThe Relation of the Solutions to Kramer's EquationNon-Relativistic ApproximationReadership: Undergraduates, graduates and academics in physics.