All decisions and problem solving that involve change are TIME-based. The proper procedure for making decisions and solving problem in an integrated manner is to define TIME. Using the 3D definition of TIME that was explored in the author's monograph the author shows how complex decisions and problem solving are simplified immeasurably. Special attention is given to the use of the concept for managing risk in any environment. It is especially useful for quantifying the goodness of intangible and tangibles, measuring outcomes, especially patient outcomes, and for understanding as well as predictive understanding of change.