The violent colonization of Africa by European nations toward the end of the 19th century-a colonization justified by theories about the African Mind promulgated in the Age of Reason-had a profound impact upon the mind of Black Africa. After World War II, the mind of Black Africa rebelled; this rebellion led to a struggle for the self. After Africans achieved political independence, the new African leaders betrayed their own people. Africans now have the responsibility of restoring and reaffirming their true inheritance-the mind of Black Africa.