Examining the lives and works of three iconic personalities Germaine de Stal , Stendhal, and Georges CuvierKathleen Kete creates a groundbreaking cultural history of ambition in post-Revolutionary France. While in the old regime the traditionalist view of ambition prevailedthat is, ambition as morally wrong unless subsumed into a corporate wholethe new regime was marked by a rising tide of competitive individualism. Greater opportunities for personal advancement, however, were shadowed by lingering doubts about the moral value of ambition.Kete identifies three strategies used to overcome the ethical burden of ambition : romantic genius (Stal ), secular vocation (Stendhal), and post-mythic destiny (Cuvier). In each case, success would seem to be driven by forces outside ones control. She concludes by examining the still relevant (and still unresolved) conundrum of the relationship of individual desires to community needs, which she identifies as a defining characteristic of the modern world.