Governments are rapidly developing and transforming national policies for identity management. If done well the rewards are remarkable; if done poorly, policy failure will be slow but nearly certain. Comprehensive identity policies involve creating or adapting schemes for the collection and processing of individual-specific data that will be shared across services, both within and beyond government, often for a variety of purposes. The range of bodies involved in such policy developments is extensive, raising important issues both for the government led implementation of such policies and for academics to study and engage the policy deliberations as they take place. This book provides a comprehensive review of identity policies as they are being implemented in various countries around the world, to consider the key arenas where identity policies are developed and to provide intellectual coherence for making sense of these various activities.