This introductory text shows how, by observing children knowledgeably, practitioners can plan for and assess the young children in their care much more effectively. Observation as a 'tool for learning' has long been considered to be one of the most beneficial ways of teaching the very young, and this book introduces the work of people who have become famous for their skills as observers, exploring the theories behind their work and how this can be related to the day-to-day nursery environment. Sandra Smidt uses case studies throughout to explain in detail how young children's development can be matched to their exact needs and interests, creating a more positive learning experience for all.