Rowan Strong examines the history of Scottish Episcopalianism in the nineteenth century as a response to the new urbanizing and industrializing society of the time. In particular, he looks at the various Episcopalian sub-cultures which had to come to terms with these social and economic changes. These sub-cultures include Highland Gaels; North-East crofters, farmers and fisherfolk; urban Episcopalians; aristocratic Episcopalians; and Evangelicals and Anglo-Catholics. He provides also an outline of the history of Episcopalianism in Scotland from the sixteenth century to 1900, Rowan Strong addresses the issue of Episcopalianism and Scottish identity, which is topical today.